Hydrological modelling of a drained grazing marsh under agricultural land use and the simulation of restoration management scenarios
نویسندگان
چکیده
The capability of the spatially-distributed, physically-based, rainfall-runoff modelling system, MIKE SHE, to simulate the hydrological behaviour of the natural and drained parts of the North Kent Grazing Marshes, UK, is investigated. The MIKE SHE code is applied to Bells Creek, a small, underdrained, agricultural catchment located within the marshes. The model is used to both provide insights into the essential parameters that control the hydrological processes in the catchment, and predict the influence of various, hypothetical, water management strategies (land use and drainage) on pumped discharge and soil moisture storage in the catchment. The water table model predictions arising from these hypothetical scenarios are also compared against field data obtained from on-going hydrological research on the neighbouring, natural, Elmley Marshes. The comparison is found to be favourable. The results of this study indicate the potential of the MIKE SHE system to simulate the hydrological regime of these wetlands, and hence to play an important role as a tool that can assist environmental and conservation agencies in the sound management of wetland resources. Modélisation hydrologique d'un marais de pâturage drainé utilisé comme terrain "agricole et simulation de scénarios de gestion de restauration Résumé Ce travail examine la capacité d'un système de modélisation hydrologique physique, spatialement distribué, MIKE SHE, à simuler le comportement hydrologique de zones naturelles et drainées des marais du nord du Kent, au Royaume-Uni. Le code MIKE SHE a été appliqué au petit bassin agricole drainé de Bells Creek, situé dans ces marais. La modèle est utilisé afin de fournir à la fois un aperçu de paramètres essentiels contrôlant les processus hydrologiques dans le bassin et pour prédire l'influence de différentes stratégies de gestion des eaux (utilisation des terres et drainage) sur les débits pompés et l'humidité du sol. On compare également les prédictions du modèle de la nappe fournies pour ces différents scénarios aux données de terrain recueillies dans le cadre des recherches en cours sur les marais Elmley voisins, encore à l'état naturel. Les résultats de la comparaison sont positifs. Les résultats de cette étude montrent la capacité du code MIKE SHE à simuler le régime hydrologique de ces zones humides et donc sa vocation à être utilisé par les organismes en charge de l'environnement et de la protection pour un gestion rationnelle des ressources des zones humides.
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